Virtualization is the creation of a software-based (or virtual) representation of something such as an operating system, a server, a storage device or network resources. The primary goal of virtualization is to centralize administrative tasks while improving scalability and overall hardware-resource utilization. It is the single most effective way to reduce IT expenses while boosting efficiency and agility for all sizes of businesses.
A virtual computer system is known as a “virtual machine” (VM): a tightly isolated software container with an operating system and application inside. Each self-contained VM is completely independent. Putting multiple VMs on a single computer enables several operating systems and applications to run on just one physical server, or “host”.
A thin layer of software called a hyper-v decouples the virtual machines from the host and dynamically allocates computing resources to each virtual machine as needed.
Partitioning
Isolation
Encapsulation
Hardware Independence